The pigeon refers to the rock dove (Columba livia), a species commonly found in urban areas, farmland, and along coastal regions. Pigeons are known for their adaptability, thriving in both natural and man-made environments, which has made them one of the most widespread bird species worldwide. In the context of hunting, pigeons are typically targeted in areas where they gather in large numbers, such as city buildings, bridges, or farmland, where they feed on seeds, grains, and discarded food.

Pigeon hunting, especially in urban settings, is a popular activity for those seeking a challenging and fast-paced shooting experience. These birds are agile fliers, often darting and weaving through the air, making them difficult to hit. Hunters typically use shotguns, and sometimes specialized decoys or calls, to attract pigeons to a specific area for a more controlled hunt. The fast flight patterns and frequent low-level movements of pigeons make them an exciting target for hunters.

In addition to their role in sport hunting, pigeons have been historically important as messengers and have also been domesticated for various purposes. The meat of the pigeon, known as "squab," is considered a delicacy in some culinary traditions, further contributing to the bird's value in hunting and farming practices. While pigeon hunting may not be as regulated or prestigious as hunting larger game, it remains a popular and accessible form of hunting, particularly in areas where pigeons are abundant.